…species since 1999. Initial reports suggest that pyrethroid resistance first occurred in North East France and over the following years has spread to other countries in Europe. Investigations into the mechanism of resistance has primarily identified enhanced metabolism by P450 monooxygenases as the prime mechanism of resistance to pyrethroids. More recently a target site mutation has also been identified in some resistant populations from Denmark and Sweden. M. aenus is an important pest of oilseed rape particularly in Western Europe….
…Rachana et al. 2018), Tanzania, Uganda (Moritz et al. 2013), Ghana (Fening et al. 2022), Greece (Mound and Collins. 2000), France, Spain; The Netherlands (NPPO 2019) and USA (Soto-Adames. 2020). The host range has been well documented and is reported to be feeding on more than 40 host plants that include Gardenia, roses, chilli pepper, fiber crops, legumes, and fruits (Ahmed et al. 2023, Rachana et al. 2022, Sartiami and Mound. 2013, Hutasoit et al. 2019). T. parvispinus belongs to…
…et al. 2013), Ghana (Fening et al. 2022), Greece (Mound and Collins. 2000), France, Spain; The Netherlands (NPPO 2019) and USA (Soto-Adames. 2020). The host range has been well documented and is reported to be feeding on more than 40 host plants that include Gardenia, roses, chilli pepper, fiber crops, legumes, and fruits (Ahmed et al. 2023, Rachana et al. 2022, Sartiami and Mound. 2013, Hutasoit et al. 2019). T. parvispinus belongs to “Thrips orientalis group” (Mound and Masumoto. 2005)…
…metabolic resistance by increased activities of detoxification enzymes (e.g. cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and esterases), and knockdown resistance by kdr mutations, have been experimentally identified as conferring insecticide resistance in bed bugs. Other candidate resistance mechanisms, including behavioral resistance, some types of physiological resistance (e.g. increasing activities of esterases by point mutations, glutathione S-transferase, target site insensitivity including altered AChEs, GABA receptor insensitivity and altered nAChRs), symbiont-mediated resistance and other potential, yet undiscovered mechanisms may exist. (Dang K, et al. 2017)…
…Larval feeding inside shoots results in wilting of the young shoot. The damaged shoots ultimately drop off, disturbing plant growth and reducing fruit number and size. New shoots may grow but this delays crop maturity. Larval feeding inside the fruit results in the destruction of fruit tissue, making even slightly damaged fruit unfit for marketing. (Plantwise Datasheet) L. orbonalis populations in eggplant in India exhibited widespread resistance to carbaryl, chlorpyriphos, deltamethrin, endosulfan, fenvalerate, and profenofos. (Shirale D et al, 2017)…
The brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB) (Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Hemiptera : Pentatomidae), is native to Asia (China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan) and has emerged in recent decades as a major insect pest of worldwide importance due to its exceptional capacity to colonize new habitats. Accidentally introduced outside its native range, BMSB has become established in North America (mid-1990s), Europe (2007) and South America (2017); it has also been detected yet eradicated multiple times in Australia. In regions where it has…