Latest Resistance management for sustainable agriculture and improved public health

Glasshouse whitefly

Trialeurodes vaporariorum

T. vaporariorum probably has the most comprehensive host range of all insect pests. It includes about 800 species. Besides vegetables, the most threatened crops in glasshouses are ornamentals. T. vaporariorum originates from Central America, but is nowadays found worldwide.

The adults live about 3-6 weeks, during which time each female may lay several hundred eggs. Reproduction is almost always parthenogenetic. Under favorable conditions, the whole life cycle can be completed in 3-4 weeks.

The nymphs and adults of whitefly suck plant sap from the phloem. Due to their often very large numbers (2,000 individuals and more per leaf are not uncommon) the loss of nutrients can lead to growth deformation, yield reduction, wilting of leaves, and in extreme cases the death of the plant.

Key glasshouse whitefly resources

References

Title Year Author(s) Publisher
Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum populations and novel diagnostics for kdr mutations DOI: 10.1002/ps.4674 2017 Kapantaidaki DE, Sadikoglou E, Tsakireli D, Kampanis V, Stavrakaki M, Schorn C, Llias A, Riga M, Tsiamis G, Nauen R, Skavdis G, Vontas J, Tsagkarakou A Pest Management Science
The global status of insect resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides Vol. 121, pp. 78-87. DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2015.04.004 2015 Bass C, Denholm I, Williamson MS, Nauen R Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology

The information provided is based on literature reviews and as such IRAC cannot guarantee or be held accountable for the accuracy of the reports.

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